The only way of reading data from a database table is using select statements, in the below example we will read data from the MARA table in various ways.
| Operation | Explanation |
|---|---|
INTO TABLE ITAB
| Means getting data into an internal table
ITAB from database table |
INTO WA | Means getting data into WAa work area (Work area can store only one record) |
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB | Means getting data in the common fields of database table and user defined internal table ITABITAB is a user defined internal table ) |
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF WA | Means getting data of the common fields of database tables and work areaWAWA is a work area ) |
Read whole data from MARA
To read all records from MARA table, we use below code
data : it_mara type table of mara . " Declare internal table of type MARA Select * from MARA into table it_mara . " Read all records from MARA table and store in it_mara internal table
Read single record from MARA based on where condition
data : wa_mara type mara . " Declare work area of type MARA, because we are getting only one record Select single * from MARA into wa_mara where matnr = '00001' . " Read one records from MARA table and store in wa_mara work area OR data : it_mara type table of mara . " Declare internal table of type MARA select * from MARA into table it_mara where matnr = '00001' . " Read all records from MARA table where MATNR is 00001, MATNR is a key field .
Reading data into the corresponding fields
By using INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS of statement, we can get data into a user defined internal table.
As per performance standards, this method is not preferable
TYPES : BEGIN OF TY_MARA,
MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR,
MTART TYPE MARA-MTART,
MEINS TYPE MARA-MEINS,
MBRSH TYPE MARA-MBRSH,
END OF TY_MARA.
DATA : IT_MARA TYPE TABLE OF TY_MARA . "Declare internal table of type user defined table.
SELECT * FROM MARA INTO CORRESPONDING FIELD OF TABLE IT_MARA . " Here we are getting data from <code>MARA</code>
"table into internal table IT_MARA which contains only four fields.
Reading data into user defined internal table
Reading data from a database table into a user defined table.
This method is advisable as it gets limited fields from database table
TYPES : BEGIN OF TY_MARA,
MATNR TYPE MARA-MATNR,
MTART TYPE MARA-MTART,
MEINS TYPE MARA-MEINS,
MBRSH TYPE MARA-MBRSH,
END OF TY_MARA.
DATA : IT_MARA TYPE TABLE OF TY_MARA. " Declare a Internal table of user defined type
SELECT MATNR, MTART, MEINS, MBRSH FROM MARA INTO TABLE IT_MARA. " Get list of fields Data Into internal table
" Now data of four fields is available in IT_MARA
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